Gluing $\partial$-Morin maps on manifolds with boundary and its applications

RESUMO

We study $\partial$-Morin maps, a class of smooth maps from manifolds with boundary such that both the maps themselves and their restrictions to the boundary have only Morin singular points, and the singular point sets of the maps are disjoint from the boundary. We develop a gluing construction that provides a unified framework for studying maps from manifolds with boundary through corresponding maps from closed manifolds. Using this framework, we derive Euler characteristic formulas for $\partial$-Morin maps and a congruence relating the signature to the self-intersection number of the singular point set for $\partial$-fold maps from $4$-manifolds to $3$-manifolds. We also establish an inequality relating singular fibers of stable maps from a $3$-manifold to the plane to the simplicial volume of the source manifold. We further apply these results to the existence problem for $\partial$-fold maps and to the non-singular extension problem.