Adaptive local representations for Helmholtz Trefftz discontinuous Galerkin methods

RESUMO

We study the selection and stable realization of local approximation spaces in Trefftz discontinuous Galerkin discretizations of the Helmholtz equation. A scaled Cauchy-trace inner product places plane waves and Fourier-Bessel functions in a common geometry: Fourier-Bessel modes are orthogonal with explicit weights, while the same weights determine the circulant spectrum of an equispaced plane-wave trace Gram matrix. This separates amplitude scaling from genuine trace-rank loss and yields an exact best-approximation identity for mixed plane-wave--Fourier--Bessel spaces. With complex plane-wave angles, the unresolved modal tail is an exponential sequence, so propagating and evanescent components can be identified by the same ESPRIT/variable-projection procedure. We prove exact recovery and a perturbation estimate for the recovered angles and, under the standard PWDG quasi-optimality bound, transfer these perturbations to the DG error. Trace-Riesz orthonormalization is then separated from a graph--Riesz normalization of the assembled operator. Numerical experiments verify the identities, recover sparse ray fields to roundoff, and resolve a propagating-to-evanescent transition without a prescribed critical angle.