Optimal Dispatch of a Hydrogen-Colocated Renewable-Powered Desalination Plant

RESUMO

This paper develops an analytical framework for profit-maximizing dispatch of water, electricity, and green hydrogen in a renewable-powered water desalination plant (WDP) combining thermal and reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The optimal dispatch reveals that the schedules of the desalination units, electrolyzer, and grid interaction can all be characterized in closed form as functions of renewable generation. At low renewable output, the plant relies on thermal desalination and grid power while maintaining RO desalination and hydrogen production at their minimum setpoints. At high output, it reduces thermal desalination, increases RO desalination, and allocates surplus power and water to hydrogen production. For renewable output within a precomputed intermediate range, the WDP balances energy internally, allocating resources based on the relative marginal values of hydrogen and RO water. Simulations using real solar and plant data show that integrating RO and thermal desalination with renewable generation and hydrogen production achieves the highest daily profit of 75.945 k$, exceeding the best configuration without hydrogen by 15.1%.