Gap-controlled thermalization in a SSH model version of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain

RESUMO

In classical anharmonic lattices, the resonance structure driving nonlinear mode mixing is reshaped by band gaps. However, it remains unclear whether a spectral gap hinders or promotes long-time thermalization. Here we study a dimerized Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain - a classical SSH model analogue with alternating spring constants - and quantify how the acoustic-optical gap controls relaxation under alpha-type (cubic) nonlinearity. Tracking modal energies and spectral entropy via long-time symplectic simulations, we find a sharp isolation threshold when the dimerization strength reaches half its maximum value, set by the onset of the first umklapp process that allows two zone-boundary acoustic phonons to fuse into a zone-center optical phonon; below this threshold, three-wave acoustic-acoustic-optical scattering activates the optical branch on timescales of order 1e4 oscillation periods, while above it the bands remain dynamically isolated. We further show that boundary conditions reshape this picture, producing long-lived sticky states for specific mode excitations. These results establish the phononic gap as a tunable, momentum-selective filter for nonlinear energy transport, suggesting a general route to controlling thermalization in dimerized or topologically gapped nonlinear lattices.