Some homogeneity test statistics for DNA evolutionary models

RESUMO

We present a test statistic for the comparison of DNA sequences under some of the most popular evolutionary processes available in the literature. Theoretical properties for the test statistic as well as its empirical performance by stochastic simulations are presented. The proposed test statistic is a generalized $U$-statistics built for tests of distributional homogeneity under the null hypothesis. We show that a dicothomous situation exists here. Under the null hypothesis, the $U$-statistics kernel is first-order degenerated, this test statistic falls in the quasi $U$-statistics class and follows an asymptotic normal law, albeit of higher order than the standard case. Under heterogeneity, the asymptotic normality is attained on the more usual first-order asymptotics. Asymptotic normality is proven for the cases: high-dimension/large sample size, high-dimension/small sample size, low-dimension/large sample size. Moreover, the case of local alternatives is discussed, and the contiguity of the test statistic for them is established. Simulation studies are performed to assess some finite-dimensional properties of the test statistic, regarding issues such as balanced/unbalanced samples, dimension and sample size.