Oxidation of Tantalum Nano-Film by Microwave Exposure

RESUMO

Oxidation and ablation of 200 nm tantalum films were carried out by three routes: (i) femtosecond (fs-)laser direct write, (ii) high-temperature annealing (HTA) in a tube furnace, and (iii) annealing in a 2.45 GHz microwave cavity. Complete conversion of the 200 nm Ta layer into 409 nm of Ta2O5 required one hour at 600 C in the furnace, but only minutes at ~ 50 W of microwave power. Fs-laser (515 nm/200 fs) oxidation of the Ta nano-film set in at an average single-pulse fluence of ~ 0.1 J/cm2 under strong pulse-to-pulse overlap (900 pulses per focal spot), i.e. within a narrow window bounded from above by the onset of ablation. Under microwave annealing, both the cavity resonance frequency and the quality factor Q changed markedly at the metal-to-oxide transition, reflecting the collapse of the real and imaginary parts of the permittivity at 2.45 GHz. This dielectric contrast turns the cavity into a sensor: the oxidation can be followed in real time from the shift of the cavity resonance, providing a non-invasive, in-situ diagnostic tool.