Relative ($τ$), Expanders, and Decay of Correlations for certain Expanding Maps

RESUMO

Relative ($\tau$) is equivalent to a statement that the sequence of Cayley graphs associated to group quotients $\Gamma_q=\Gamma/N_q$, $q\in\mathbb{N}$, form an expander family. There is a philosophy that expander graphs give rise to good mixing; for instance, one has exponential mixing for the geodesic flow uniformly the along a family of congruence covers of the modular surface, stemming from the symmetry in the $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ action and the uniform spectral gap for the Laplacian. Do we see similar phenomena in less structured settings? We investigate this question for a tower of finite sheeted covers of certain expanding dynamical systems. We use transfer operator machinery that applies in particular in the cases of subshifts of finite type and expanding interval maps. We make fruitful connections with KMS states of Cuntz--Krieger algebras.