Microscopic Investigation of $α$ Clustering for the $α$ Decay Based on the Density-Constrained Frozen Hartree-Fock Calculations

RESUMO

The inter-nucleus potential between an $\alpha$ particle and a daughter nucleus ($^{100}$Sn) is calculated based on the density-constraint frozen Hartree-Fock (DCFHF) method with a Skyrme-type energy density functional (EDF). It is shown that the potential has a repulsive core at short distances with an attractive pocket close to the nuclear surface. We have confirmed that the potential obtained with the Skyrme DCFHF method agrees well with that obtained with the extended Thomas-Fermi approximation to the Skyrme EDF. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the height of the repulsive core decreases by taking into account melting of the $\alpha$ cluster inside a nucleus. With the aid of the nucleon localization function, we show that the obtained state in DCFHF clearly manifests localization of spin-up and spin-down neutrons and protons, suggesting the possible emergence of an $\alpha$-cluster-like structure in the DCFHF wave function. These results opens up a possibility to investigate $\alpha$ clustering in heavy nuclei within mean-field calculations.